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Farm Mechanization

Agri – Economy

According to the 2023 GDP rankings, the Indian economy is ranked sixth among the world’s top economies. The majority of people in the nation rely on agriculture as their primary source of income. A major pillar of the Indian economy, the agriculture industry employs 60% of the labour force and generates 17% of the country’s GDP.

An agro-economy, like that of India, is heavily reliant on the cycle of production, distribution, and consumption. roductivity is another issue with the agro-economy. Indian farmers currently produce only 2.4 tonnes of rice per hectare of land, which is a far cry from their true potential. China and Brazil, on the other hand, produce 4.7 and 3.6 tonnes of rice per acre, respectively.

Since more than half of the population of India is engaged in agriculture, two significant elements underscore the role that agriculture plays in the economy. First off, it gives rural agricultural and non-agricultural labour job prospects. Second, it is important for operations like import and export trading on a global scale. India supports 17.8% of the world’s people and 15% of the world’s cattle with only 4% of the world’s water resources and 2.4% of the world’s land.

• About 55% of India’s population relies on agriculture as their main source of income.
• It has the largest area planted to wheat, rice, and cotton.
• It is the second-largest producer of wheat, rice, cotton, sugar, farmed fish, fruit, vegetables, tea, and farmed vegetables.
• India has the second-largest agricultural land area in the world
• The increasing income levels in rural and urban areas have boosted the demand for agricultural products across the country.
• West Bengal, Uttar Pradesh and Punjab produced 36% of the total rice produced in India in the year 2022.
• In 2022, Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Punjab produced 64% of all the wheat that is produced in India .
• Maharashtra, Madhya Pradesh and Karnataka produced almost 38% of all the corn in India.
• Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh and Punjab produced almost 39% of the entire amount of food grains produced in India.
• The Government of India had requested that the United Nations declare 2023 as the International Year of Millets (IYoM-2023) in order to
  increase domestic and international demand and to supply nutrient-rich food to the population.

Mechanization of Indian Agriculture

Agriculture mechanisation is a crucial component of modern agriculture. Along with lowering labour costs and human toil, it increases productivity. Mechanisation also enhances the safety and comfort of farmers, the efficiency with which other inputs are used, and the quality and added value of the produce. Aside from allowing farmers to grow a second crop or many crops, efficient machinery increases output and productivity, transforming subsistence agriculture in India into a profitable industry.

In order to promote an expedited but inclusive expansion of agricultural mechanisation in India, the Department of Agriculture & Farmers Welfare has incorporated the elements of agricultural mechanisation under several plans and projects. The following targeted actions will put small and marginal farmers at the forefront with a focus on “reaching the unreached.” The following components make up the “Sub Mission on Agricultural Mechanisation” scheme, which was created with this objective in mind by the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare’s Department of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Mechanisation and Technology Division.

• Training, testing, and demonstration to promote and strengthen agricultural mechanization
• Post Harvest Technology and Management (PHTM) demonstration, instruction, and distribution
• Assistance for the Purchasing of Agriculture Equipment and Machinery
• Create Farm Machinery Banks for Personalised Hiring
• Create an Equipment Hub for Custom Hiring that is High-Tech
• Farm mechanisation promotion in a few villages
• Financial Support for the Promotion of Hectare-Level Mechanised Operations through Custom Hiring Centres Promotion of Farm Equipment and Machinery in the Northeast Region

Agritech Boosting Indian Agriculture

The number of agri-tech start-ups in India expanded from less than 50 in 2013 to more than 1,000 by 2022, thanks to growing farmer knowledge, better internet access in rural areas, and the demand for increased efficiency in the agricultural industry. Agtech in India is still growing, with innovations coming from both start-ups or “agrifintechs,” and major technology firms. Core enterprises in the value chain are embracing digital technologies like “super apps” to innovate.

• Existing agricultural incumbents employ digital technologies to reach farmers directly or to spread their products and services to nearby areas.
• Technology is being used by suppliers of agrochemicals, fertilisers, and seeds to build direct-to-farmer sales channels that cut out middlemen and retailers.
• Technology is being used by businesses, including banks and nonbanks, that are primarily involved in lending money through farm and rural loans to better understand the farmer, offer tailored products, and lower loan risks.
• Farmers are now getting mechanization services from companies that offer farm equipment.
• Organisations that deal with the purchasing, processing, or selling of agricultural goods have begun to integrate back into the supply chain and provide connections to the market for the farmer.
• The agtech ecosystem has the potential to raise Indian farmers’ profits by 25 to 35 percent and contribute $95 billion to the nation’s GDP through lower input costs, higher productivity and price realisation, more affordable loans, and other income sources.

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